Selection of pipe and manhole materials for sewer systems
Possible applications of concrete in wastewater treatment plants
The public sewer system existing in Germany has an overall length of approx. 550,000 km being worth about € 680 billion. According to the evaluation of a survey carried out by DWA in 2009 [1], the capital expenditure needed for rehabilitation of these systems is amounting to about € 67 billion. The private sector has to expect similar financial requirements. An extremely high share of fixed costs is characteristic for the water economy: About 75 to 85 % of the overall costs incur independent of the occurrence of sewage [2, 3]. The selection of an appropriate material for new construction and...
